Intro to SAR Theory
&
Other Fabulous Stuff You Absolutely, Positively Need to Know
First off, a little review:
What is Search and Rescue?
What is the primary goal of all SAR activities?
Who is actually responsible, legally, for SAR?
Secondly, a few definitions:
Search: “to identify and locate persons who are or may become distressed or injured and who are unable to return to a place of safety on their own. Search operations may occur in urban, rural, wilderness, or maritime environments.”
Rescue: “to access, stabilize, and evacuate distressed or injured persons by whatever means necessary to ensure their timely transfer to appropriate care or a familiar environment.”
--------taken from the Virginia Emergency Operations Plan, Basic Plan, Annex L: SAR
Search and Rescue are two totally different activities!
Now, a basic concept:
Core Elements of Every Search’s Planning
L
A
S
T
But we need more definitions:
Incident Command System (ICS) –
IC, OPS, and PLANS –
ASRC Training Levels and Field Promotions (SCARY STUFF!) –
Objectives, Strategies, and Tactics –
PLS, LKP, and Search Area –
POD, POA, and Spacing –
Finally, The Key Points of Search Theory:
1) Search is an EMERGENCY!!!! (So answer your phones or pagers at 0400)
2) Search is a Classic Mystery. (It’s elementary, Watson.)
3) Search for Clues and not the Subject. (… but don’t forget the subject!)
4) Concentrate on aspects of the search that are important and under your control. (i.e. as a CQ or FTM, be CLUE CONSCIOUS in the field)
5) Know if the Subject is out of the Search Area. (The Bastard Search)
6) Grid Search as a Last Resort.
------ taken from ERI’s Managing Search Operations
Stuff the State wants you to know: SAR Incident Phases:
Phase 0 – Preplanning / Alert / Mobilization
Phase 1 – Quick Response / Hasty Search
Phase 2 – Efficient Search
Phase 3 – Saturation Search
Phase 4 – Suspension / Demobilization / Critique
Stuff BRMRG wants you to know: Types of Tasks:
Passive:
Attraction
Containment
Active:
Investigation
Hasty / Scratch
Sweep / Open Grid
Line / Closed Grid
Route
Survey
Dog / Mantracker / Signcutter
Air
On the Serious Side, A Moment to Contemplate our
Tremendous Responsibility:
Professionalism
Press Relations
Family Relations
OK, Almost done, Just one Practical Task to Learn:
Photocopying Maps – the one skill that everyone uses at some point in their SAR career